Default for BIO217 Exam The default category for questions shared in context 'BIO217 Exam'. top Default for BIO217 The default category for questions shared in context 'BIO217'. Fill in the Blank (FBQs) FBQ1 Flagella is a _____________ organelle in protozoa. *Locomotory* 1.0000000 0.0000000 FBQ2 Amoeba and Paramecium are examples of _____________ *Protozoa* 1.0000000 0.0000000 FBQ3 Some species of bacteria are able to change their forms especially when grown on artificial media. They are said to be _____________ *Pleomorphic* 1.0000000 0.0000000 FBQ4 ___ is a sealed heating device that allows the entrance of steam under pressure. *An autoclave* 1.0000000 *Autoclave* 1.0000000 FBQ5 The _____________ growth Phase in which the microorganisms are dividing at the maximal rate would be determined by their genetic potential, the nature of the medium, and the environmental conditions under which they are growing *Exponential* 1.0000000 0.0000000 FBQ6 The _ can be expressed mathematically as *growth rate (R)* 1.0000000 *growth rate* 1.0000000 FBQ7 Measurement of Total Cell Number is done using _____________ *Spectrophotometry* 1.0000000 0.0000000 FBQ8 The _____________ of a mold consists of long branched threadlike filaments of cells called hyphae. *Thallus* 1.0000000 0.0000000 FBQ9 Microbial population death is exponential or logarithmic means that the population will be reduced by the same fraction at _____________ *constant interval* 1.0000000 0.0000000 FBQ10 _____________ are large thick walled spores formed when the tips of two sexually compatible hyphae or gametagia fuse together. *Zygospores* 1.0000000 0.0000000 FBQ11 Yeasts can reproduce asexually by ___ and traverse division. *budding* 1.0000000 0.0000000 FBQ12 The killing of _____________ is accomplished by applying steam under pressure at a temperature of 121oC *Heat-resistant* 1.0000000 *Heat resistant* 1.0000000 0.0000000 FBQ13 _____________ agent is a natural or synthetic chemical that kills or inhibits the growth of microorganisms. *An antimicrobial* 1.0000000 *Antimicrobial* 1.0000000 FBQ14 The various morphology types of viruses results from the combination of a particular type of capsid symmetry with the presence or absence of an envelope which is a lipid layer external to the _____________ *Nucleocapsid* 1.0000000 0.0000000 FBQ15 Algae are unicellular microorganisms that have _____________ and are photosynthetic. *Chlorophyll* 1.0000000 0.0000000 0.0000000 FBQ16 Small aquatic forms of algae make up a large part of the free-floating microscopic life in water called _____________ *Plankton* 1.0000000 0.0000000 FBQ17 Heavy algal growth may form _____________ which interfere with the use of some natural waters for recreational purposes *Blanket* 1.0000000 *Mat* 1.0000000 FBQ18 In sexual reproduction, the process of the fusion of two algal gametes that are different is called _____________ *Heterogamous* 1.0000000 0.0000000 FBQ19 In parasitic protozoa, the developmental stages are often transmitted from host to host within a _____________ *Cyst* 1.0000000 0.0000000 FBQ20 Each has The single site on the circular chromosome at which replication starts is called the _____________ *origin of replication* 1.0000000 *Origin* 1.0000000 0.0000000 FBQ21 If a young, actively growing microbial culture is transferred to a fresh medium of the same composition, the _____________ will be short or absent. *lag phase* 1.0000000 0.0000000 FBQ22 _____________ is the time required for a population to double. *Generation time* 1.0000000 *G* 1.0000000 0.0000000 FBQ23 An apparatus designed to permit the growth of bacterial cultures at controlled rates and constructed so that sterile medium is fed into the culture vessel at the same rate as the spent media containing microorganisms is removed is referred to as _____________ *Chemostat* 1.0000000 0.0000000 FBQ24 The use of an oven at a temperature of 150 to 160oC for 2 to 3 hours can also be used to sterilise _____________ *glass wares* 1.0000000 *Glasswares* 1.0000000 0.0000000 FBQ25 _____________ is defined as the science of biological classification. *Taxonomy* 1.0000000 0.0000000 0.0000000 FBQ26 _____________ classification is the grouping of microorganisms together based on the mutual similarity of the phenotypic characteristics. *Phenotypic* 1.0000000 0.0000000 FBQ27 _____________ similarity is often a good indication of phylogenetic relatedness. *Morphological* 1.0000000 0.0000000 FBQ28 _____________ are the earliest and the simplest group of fungi. *Chytridiomycetes* 1.0000000 *Chytrids* 1.0000000 *Chytridiomycetes or Chytrids* 1.0000000 FBQ29 All known species of glomeromycetes form _____________ with the roots of herbaceous plants. *Endomycorrhizae* 1.0000000 *arbuscular mycorrhizae* 1.0000000 0.0000000 FBQ30 _____________ can be defined as a change in the nucleotide sequence of DNA *Mutation* 1.0000000 0.0000000 FBQ31 A _____________ is a strain of any cell or virus carrying a change in the nucleotide sequence. *Mutant* 1.0000000 0.0000000 FBQ32 The carbon cycle primarily involves the transfer of _____________ and organic carbon between the atmosphere where carbon occurs principally as inorganic CO2 and the hydrosphere and lithosphere which contain varying concentrations of organic and inorganic compounds. *carbon dioxide* 1.0000000 *CO2* 1.0000000 0.0000000 FBQ33 Biogeochemical cycling of elements is the movement of materials via biochemical reactions through _____________ *Biospheres* 1.0000000 0.0000000 FBQ34 In the _____________ growth phase, although the cell is metabolically active synthesizing new components, there is no cell division and growth. *Lag* 1.0000000 0.0000000 FBQ35 Yeasts can reproduce asexually by _____________ and traverse division. *Budding* 1.0000000 0.0000000 Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) MCQ1 The diagram above is an example of ___. Prokaryotic cell 1.0000000 Animal cell 0.0000000 Eukaryotic cell 0.0000000 Plant cell 0.0000000 MCQ2 Inoculating loops used in the laboratory during the culturing of bacteria can be sterilised in A bench top incinerator 1.0000000 An autoclave 0.0000000 A water bath 0.0000000 An oven 0.0000000 MCQ3 In bacteria, genetic recombination does not result from _____ Conjugation 0.0000000 Transduction 0.0000000 Detection 1.0000000 Transformation 0.0000000 MCQ4 Which of the following is not a peculiar feature of the biogeochemical cycles? Elements required are in five forms and mostly from living reservoir in the atmosphere. 1.0000000 The elements go in cycle and are always free in inorganic state in abiotic environment and when needed in biotic environment, they are turned to organic state. 0.0000000 The biogeochemical cycles are complex and they involve the activity of producers, consumers and decomposers. 0.0000000 All organisms participate directly in recycling by removing, adding or altering nutrients. 0.0000000 MCQ5 The concept of spontaneous generation states that ___. living organisms could develop from non-living matter 1.0000000 living organisms can only develop from living matter 0.0000000 living organisms develop from maggots 0.0000000 Living organisms cannot develop from decomposing matter 0.0000000 MCQ6 That microorganisms are the cause of infectious diseases is referred to as ___ Theory of spontaneous generation 0.0000000 Sterilization theory 0.0000000 Theory of regeneration 0.0000000 Germ Theory of Disease 1.0000000 MCQ7 What does the scheme above represent? Koch’s postulate 1.0000000 Contamination scheme 0.0000000 Infection scheme 0.0000000 Robert’s postulate 0.0000000 MCQ8 The following are basic aspects of microbiology except ___ Medical microbiology 1.0000000 Biochemistry 0.0000000 Algology 0.0000000 Microbial cytology 0.0000000 MCQ9 Which of the following is not an expected future challenge for microbiology? Finding new approach to new and re-emerging diseases 0.0000000 New approach to increase environmental pollution and climate change 1.0000000 Investigating biological problems 0.0000000 Bioremediation 0.0000000 MCQ10 In a compound microscope, the magnified image formed by the objective lens is further enlarged by ___ Oil immersion lenses 0.0000000 Convex lenses 0.0000000 Concave lenses 0.0000000 one or more additional lenses 1.0000000 MCQ11 Based on their source of energy bacteria are classified as ___ Phototrophs and chemotrophs 1.0000000 Aerobic or strict aerobes 0.0000000 Heterotrophs and autotrophs 0.0000000 Anaerobic bacteria or strict anaerobes 0.0000000 MCQ12 These are stick like bacteria with rounded, square, tapered or swollen ends. They measure 1-10µm in length by 0.31.0µm in width. Which shape of bacteria does this describe? Rod 1.0000000 Diplococci 0.0000000 Vibrios 0.0000000 Treponemes 0.0000000 MCQ13 Uncommon shapes of bacteria includes the following except pear shaped cells 0.0000000 lobed spheres 0.0000000 Palisade arrangement cells 1.0000000 rods with helically sculptured surfaces 0.0000000 MCQ14 Which of the following describes flagella? They parts of the bacterium with several components and structures; some are external to the cell wall while others are internal to the cell wall 0.0000000 These are helical bacteria, small, regularly coiled, rigid, organisms measuring 3-4µm in length. Each coil measures about 1µm, e.g. Spirillum minus 0.0000000 These are hair like, helical appendages that protrude through the cell wall, 0.01 – 0.02µm in diameter and simple in structure. Based on their location on the cell, they may be polar or lateral. 1.0000000 Uncommon 0.0000000 MCQ15 Which of the following best explain the functions of bacterial sheaths? They increase surface area of the cell for nutrient absorption. Some sheaths also have adhesive substances that aid attachment to surfaces. 1.0000000 Increase surface area of the cell for nutrient absorption 0.0000000 They aid attachment of the bacterial cell to surfaces because of the adhesive substances. 0.0000000 They are simple ornamentations that have no function. 0.0000000 MCQ16 Structures internal to the cell wall include the following except Cytoplasmic Membrane 0.0000000 Protoplast 0.0000000 Cytoplasm 0.0000000 Cilia 1.0000000 MCQ17 What is fungal mycelium? Fungal mycelium is a complex of several filaments called hyphae. 1.0000000 Fungal mycelium is the cell wall. 0.0000000 Fungal mycelium is cytoplasmic streaming. 0.0000000 Fungal mycelium is uninterrupted protoplasmic streaming. 0.0000000 MCQ18 Reproduction in fungi can either be ___ or ___. fission or fragmentation 0.0000000 asexual or sexual 1.0000000 aerobic or hydrolytic 0.0000000 Anaerobic or aerobic 0.0000000 MCQ19 What is sexual reproduction? Sexual reproduction is a type of reproduction involving only one parent that produces genetically identical offspring. 0.0000000 Sexual reproduction is a type of reproduction involving only one parent that produces genetically identical offspring by budding or by the division of a single cell or the entire organism into two or more parts 0.0000000 Sexual reproduction is a type of reproduction in which two parents give rise to offspring that have unique combinations of genes inherited from the gametes of the two parents 1.0000000 Sexual reproduction is a type of reproduction in which one parent gives rise to offspring that have unique combinations of genes not inherited from the gametes of the parent. 0.0000000 MCQ20 Which of the following is not a method of sexual reproduction in fungi? Antheridium 1.0000000 Spermatization 0.0000000 Gamete-gametangial copulation 0.0000000 Somatic copulation 0.0000000 MCQ21 Which of the following is not a beneficial use of fungi? Fungi act as decomposers. 0.0000000 Moulds and yeasts are used in many industrial processes like fermentation. 0.0000000 Fungi do not cause disease to man and animal but to plants. 1.0000000 Fungi are useful in the production of antibiotics. 0.0000000 MCQ22 The following are characteristics of viruses except They are acellular. 0.0000000 They only reproduce when present within living cells. 0.0000000 Most viruses can only be viewed under an electron microscope. 0.0000000 They are not infectious agents. 1.0000000 MCQ23 Which of the following is not a function of viral capsids? The capsid surrounds and protects the viral nucleic acid. 0.0000000 Capsids self-assemble from many copies of one or a few types of proteins 1.0000000 The capsid gives the virus a characteristic shape. 0.0000000 The capsid helps to establish the specificity of the virus for a particular host cells. 0.0000000 MCQ24 Which of the following is not a type of capsid symmetry? Helical 0.0000000 Icosahedral 0.0000000 Complex 0.0000000 Bacteriophage 1.0000000 MCQ25 Which of the following is correct about the first step in the life cycle of a virus and host? The first step in the life cycle of a virus is attached to a host because viruses are enveloped in a host. 0.0000000 The first step in the life cycle of a virus is attached to a host because a virus differs from a cell. 0.0000000 The first step in the life cycle of a virus attached to a host because viruses need a host cell in which to reproduce. 1.0000000 MCQ26 Which of the following is a reason why viruses cannot be cultured in the same way as prokaryotic and eukaryotic microorganisms? Viruses are unable to reproduce independent of living cells 1.0000000 Viruses are the smallest microorganisms 0.0000000 Viruses are particles and a complex entity is called a virion. 0.0000000 Viral genome is replicated and viral proteins are synthesised 0.0000000 MCQ27 How are animal viruses cultured? By inoculating suitable host animals, embryonated egg or in tissue (cell) culture on monolayers of animal cells 1.0000000 By inoculating in non-host animal tissue culture. 0.0000000 By cultivating in either broth or agar cultures of young, actively growing cells. 0.0000000 In plant tissue cultures, cultures of separated cells, or cultures of protoplasts. 0.0000000 MCQ28 The quantity of viruses in a sample can be determined directly by differential and density gradient centrifugation 0.0000000 counting particle numbers using the electron microscope. 1.0000000 precipitation of viruses particles 0.0000000 denaturation of contaminants 0.0000000 MCQ29 The quantity of viruses in a sample can be determined indirectly by counting particle numbers using the electron microscope 0.0000000 Purification of the virus particles 0.0000000 enzymatic digestion of host cells constituents 0.0000000 measurement of an observable effect of the virus using techniques such as the hemaglutination assay 1.0000000 MCQ30 Which of the following is not true of algae? Algae are heterogeneous and range from microscopic unicellular forms to macroscopic seaweeds. 0.0000000 Many live in aquatic environments but many also thrive as subterranean algae. 0.0000000 Single algal cells are complete organisms capable of photosynthesis and synthesizing other compounds which constitute the cell. 0.0000000 Algae are multicellular organisms. 1.0000000 MCQ31 Algae are found where there are sufficient amount of the following to sustain them except Simple nutrients 0.0000000 light 0.0000000 moisture 0.0000000 competition 1.0000000 MCQ32 Biological and economic importance of algae include the following except Algae are primary producers 0.0000000 Commercial products such as agar, alginic acid and carrageenan are extracted from the wall of algae 0.0000000 Many algal species, mostly as red and brown algae, are used as food. 0.0000000 Algae are photosynthetic eukaryotic microorganisms. 1.0000000 MCQ33 Multicellular algae and appear in every conceivable forms, shape and degree of complexity including the following except Membranous colonies, 0.0000000 Zoospores 1.0000000 Singly or in clusters with individual strands which may be branched or unbranched tubes 0.0000000 Filaments grouped 0.0000000 MCQ34 What are the features that distinguish protozoa from other eukaryotic protists? Other eukaryotic protists are found in a variety of habitats and their distribution is influenced by moisture, temperature, light, available nutrients, and other physical and chemical conditions. 0.0000000 Protozoa are not different from other eukaryotic protists. 0.0000000 Their ability to move at some stage of their life cycle and by their lack of cell walls. 1.0000000 Some algae live in mutualistic association with other organisms. 0.0000000 MCQ35 Which of the following is not an applied aspect of microbiology? Agricultural microbiology 0.0000000 Aquatic and Marine Microbiology 0.0000000 Aeromicrobiology 0.0000000 Bacteriology 1.0000000