FBQ1: According to Cunningham & Saigo, 2005, and environment is defined as a composition of ____ and physical environment Answer: *Biological community* FBQ2: The total numbers of organisms existing and interrelating within a specific location constitute ____ Answer: *The biological community* FBQ3: Ecosystem deals with the study of organisms or species Answer: *Interacts with themselves and the physical environment* FBQ4: According to Engr. & Smith (2002), a Community is gathering of all the ____ of organism within a specific location Answer: *Interacting species* FBQ5: The basic organisms in an ecosystem are the _______ Answer: *Producers* FBQ6: Organisms that feed on primary consumers are referred to as ____ Answer: *Secondary consumers* FBQ7: Organisms that are responsible for the final breakdown and recycling of tiny broken bitsof organic materials in the ecosystem are referred to as ____ Answer: *Decomposers* FBQ8: ____ are organism whose mode of feeding is adapted to vegetation only Answer: *Herbivores* FBQ9: Organisms are tagged ____ because they basically eat the flesh of other livingorganisms Answer: *Carnivores* FBQ10: Organisms whose mode of feeding is adaptive to both flesh and plants are? Answer: *Omnivores* FBQ11: An intimate relationship between organism which involves body contact is ____ Answer: *Symbiosis* FBQ12: Organisms that carry parasites are termed as ____? Answer: *Vectors* FBQ13: Parasitism that occurs on the surface of the host it is termed as? Answer: *Ectoparasitism* FBQ14: ____ is a relationship in which an organism benefits while the other is not harmed Answer: *Commensalism* FBQ15: The relationship between Sharks and Remoras in the Ocean is a very good example of ____ Answer: *Commensalism* FBQ16: Several mutualistic relationships are ____ Answer: *Obligatory* FBQ17: Living organisms in the ecosystem are otherwise referred to ____ factors Answer: *Biotic* FBQ18: Human Population is a key component of the ____ factors of the environment Answer: *Biotic* FBQ19: By 2050, human population is predicted to hit ____ globally Answer: *9 billion* FBQ20: Excessive human population in a given area, at a particular period or time is ____ Answer: *Over population* FBQ21: Maximum growth in human population occurs during a period referred to as ____ Answer: *Demographic transition* FBQ22: A sudden and often unpredictable speedy growth in human population is termed ____ Answer: *Population Explosion* FBQ23: ____ babies are born into the world every 20 minutes Answer: *3500* FBQ24: China, India, Indonesia, Pakistan and Nigeria accounts for more than ____ percent of the world’s increase in population Answer: *50* FBQ25: The lowest infant mortality rate is in Japan, at ____ per1, 000 births Answer: *4 deaths* FBQ26: The population size that the earth can support indefinitely within a specific set of environmental conditions is the? Answer: Optimum capacity FBQ27: The balance between natural resources and the number of people is ____ Answer: *Carrying capacity* FBQ28: Acidification, desertification, pollution and soil erosion are examples of what feedbacks? Answer: *Ecological* FBQ29: ____ is when the population of birth is the same as death Answer: *Zero population growth* FBQ30: The number of individuals in a particular age group is called ____ Answer: *Age distribution* FBQ31: The level of education is an example of ____ that can influence population growth Answer: *Social factor* FBQ32: IUD is an example of ____ used in birth control Answer: *Physical barrier* FBQ33: The logging of forest zones even if it is selective with rapid possibility for re growth is called ____ Answer: *Deforestation* FBQ34: Congo currently loses about ____ ha of forest per year Answer: *4 million* FBQ35: ____ are primarily linkages to the causes of deforestation according to International agencies such as FAO Answer: *Human population growth and poverty* Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs): MCQ1: The ecosystem is defined as a composition of ____ Answer: Physical environment MCQ2: The total numbers of organisms existing and interrelating within a specific location constitute the ____ Answer: The biological community MCQ3: In an ecosystem, animals disperse plant seeds while plant root ____ the soil Answer: Disperse MCQ4: Organisms that feed on primary consumers are referred to as ____ Answer: Feeders MCQ5: Organisms whose mode of feeding is adapted to vegetation only are referred to as ____? Answer: Producers MCQ6: The mouth and digestive track of ____ are designed to tear, crush and digest flesh of other organisms or animals. Answer: Carnivores MCQ7: Organisms whose mode of feeding are adaptive to both flesh and plants are ____ Answer: Consumers MCQ8: Parasitism, Commensalism, Mutualism and Parasitism are examples of ____ Answer: Amensalism MCQ9: The organisms that carry parasites are termed as ____ Answer: Vectors MCQ10: Ectoparasitism is ____? Answer: When parasitism occurs inside the surface of the host MCQ11: A relationship in which an organism benefits while the other is neither harmed nor benefitting is called ____? Answer: Parasitism MCQ12: The relationship between the acacia plant and ant is an example of ____? Answer: Parasitism MCQ13: The capture of precipitation by plant canopy and its subsequent return to the atmosphere is known as? Answer: Interception MCQ14: The hypothesis that says that the earth is a single organism complex that has a self-regulating and self-organizing potential is referred to a ____ hypothesis Answer: Collins MCQ15: Demographic transition is when ____? Answer: When retroactive growth occurs in human population during a period MCQ16: A sudden and catastrophic reduction in the population size as a result of the inability of the geographic location to support the population is called ____? Answer: Population crash MCQ17: The lowest infant mortality rate is in Japan, at ____? Answer: 1 deaths per 1, 000 births MCQ18: The optimum population size that the earth can support indefinitely within a specific set of environmental conditions is ____ ? Answer: Saturation Capacity MCQ19: The five limiting factors to the earth s carrying capacity are ____? Answer: Sun, rain, wind, heat and Earthquake MCQ20: Social, cultural and political restrictions affects? Answer: Human age MCQ21: High birth rates and high death rates associated with a place are examples of ____ factors affecting population Answer: Social MCQ22: The logging of forest zones even if it is selective with rapid possibility for re growth can be described as ____ ? Answer: Reforestation MCQ23: According to IUCN (1990), biodiversity is ____ Answer: The entire living organism, plants, animals, fungi and microbes, that exist on our planet MCQ24: Biodiversity can be measured from three angles namely, Genetic diversity, Species diversity and ____ Answer: Sedimentary diversity MCQ25: Genetic diversity evaluates the variety of different versions of particular genes amongst individuals of a species. Answer: False MCQ26: Loss of biodiversity, especially of useful plants is a problem associated with? Answer: Deforestation MCQ27: Is there a connection between tourism, income generation and biodiversity? Answer: No MCQ28: Biodiversity loss implies the extinction or rarity of ____ Answer: Fertile soil MCQ29: The species that have the highest probability of being extinct if current unfavourable activities against them or their environment is not checked are referred to as ____? Answer: Pandemic species MCQ30: The following except ____ are reasons for biodiversity loss Answer: Deforestation/destruction of habitat MCQ31: Waste Recycling, Reclaim & Reuse Deforested Zones are some of the strategies used in ____ Answer: Biodiversity Conservation MCQ32: The efforts of the Nigeria Conservation Foundation (NCF) include policy interventions, conservation action and environment education backed by ____ Answer: Strategic awareness campaigns MCQ33: An ecosystems that experiences on the average less than 25 centimeters (10 inches) of precipitation per year is called ____ ? Answer: A tundra MCQ34: The following are types of Deserts except ____? Answer: Sahara Desert MCQ35: The following are indicators of desertification except ____ Answer: Decrease in Illegal escape route to Europe