Question MCQ1 : The point of divergence between dispute settlement and dispute resolution lies in what?
Answer: ending a dispute, identifying the causal factors and dealing with them
Question MCQ2 : Which of the following is NOT an outcome of judgement when the plaintiff is successful
Answer: Ensure effective arbitration, award damages and enforce a right
Question MCQ3 : Conflict resolution strategies involve all BUT one of the following. Identify the wrong option
Answer: Interference
Question MCQ4 : The mediator as a process person is like
Answer: Facilitator
Question MCQ5 : How many essential elements did Michael Lund identify in a complete conflict prevention planning?
Answer: Five
Question MCQ6 : One of the criticisms of Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) strategies is that
Answer: They are private and are not in the public record or exposed to public scrutiny
Question MCQ7 : Which of the following does not constitute part of international law?
Answer: national law
Question MCQ8 : Which of the following best describes conflict management?
Answer: It assumes that conflicts are long-term processes that often cannot be quickly resolved
Question MCQ9 : A phase in the life cycle of conflict where parties may not wish to countenance any further losses and are prepared to commit to a settlement is described as
Answer: Ripe moment
Question MCQ10 : Which of these factors may NOT pose a serious constraint on any mediation effort?
Answer: Resources and persistence
Question MCQ11 : Mutual adjustment is one of the key causes of the changes that occur during
Answer: Negotiation
Question MCQ12 : How many are the basic sources of trust mediator?
Answer: 3
Question MCQ13 : Who has written extensively on early warning response and prevention of violent conflict and has argued cogently for more emphasis on and investment in efforts to understand the impacts of preventive/response measures.
Answer: Michael Lund
Question MCQ14 : Ending a dispute as quickly and amicably as possible is
Answer: Dispute Settlement
Question MCQ15 : To achieve complete resolution of a conflict requires making significant changes that restructure the following institutional structures of the society EXCEPT
Answer: Geographical changes
Question MCQ16 : Identify the one that is not part of major strategies for conflict resolution in this modern world
Answer: Blood covenant
Question MCQ17 : Which group is NOT among the groups that are most vulnerable in armed conflict
Answer: Military/combatant
Question MCQ18 : Which group is NOT among the groups that are most vulnerable in armed conflict
Answer: Military/combatant
Question MCQ19 : Which of the following is NOT part of peace building agents?
Answer: Combatants, insurgents and militants
Question MCQ20 : Communication consist of the following components EXCEPT
Answer: Noise/manipulating
Question MCQ21 : The full meaning of IHL is
Answer: International Humanitarian Law
Question MCQ22 : Which law lays down the minimum protection and standards applicable to situations where people are most vulnerable in armed conflict?
Answer: International Humanitarian law
Question MCQ23 : A phase in the life cycle of conflict where parties wish to countenance any further losses and are prepared to commit to a settlement is described as
Answer: Ripe moment
Question MCQ24 : In the simplest terms, negotiation means
Answer: A discussion between two or more disputants who are trying to work out a solution to their problem
Question MCQ25 : Peacebuilding activities geared towards addressing basic causes of conflict is
Answer: The structural dimension of peacebuilding
Question MCQ26 : What gives a mediator the opportunity to control aspects of interaction?
Answer: Procedural strategies
Question MCQ27 : Women have successfully formed their own political party and raised the profile of women in politics in __________
Answer: Northern Ireland
Question MCQ28 : Name the two women that wrote a report which provided a wealth of information on the impact of conflict on women and gave the suffering a human face
Answer: Elisabeth Rehn and Ellen John Sirleaf
Question MCQ29 : Women and girls’ education improve all but one of the following
Answer: Patriarchy
Question MCQ30 : In which country did the government and the UNITA rebels provided 13 separate amnesties for each other
Answer: Angola
Question MCQ31 : One of the reasons for Peace building is to prevent conflict from
Answer: Re-emerging
Question MCQ32 : In any human organisation conflicts are _______
Answer: inevitable
Question MCQ33 : Choose the one that does NOT belong to the three main strategies or techniques being used by mediators to intervene in a conflict situation
Answer: Instructive strategies
Question MCQ34 : Which meditative strategy adopts threats of withdrawals
Answer: Directive strategies
Question MCQ35 : All BUT one of the following are elements of information tools in early warning system
Answer: Rebels
Question MCQ36 : Who are the people; officials or unofficial who get involved in Conflict resolution strategies and skills?
Answer: Mediators
Question MCQ37 : A competitive approach to conflict resolution between parties is generally considered
Answer: destructive
Question MCQ38 : Once the initial efforts at resolution of conflict fails, it leads to
Answer: intensification
Question MCQ39 : Cooperative and competitive approaches are processes of
Answer: Conflict Resolution
Question MCQ40 : Conflict management correctly assumes that conflicts resolution processes are
Answer: Long term
Question MCQ41 : Social conflict is a natural occurrence between humans who are involved in
Answer: relationships
Question MCQ42 : Adversarial strategies that could be used for conflict resolution includes
Answer: litigation
Question MCQ43 : The conciliator usually has NO authority to seek evidence or call
Answer: witness
Question MCQ44 : The most powerful form of intervention strategies are facilitation and
Answer: Directive
Question MCQ45 : Pacifism means
Answer: don't settle conflicts with violence
Question MCQ46 : Find some middle ground and "work out an agreement to a conflict is
Answer: compromise
Question MCQ47 : When conflict parties are tired of hostilities and seek solution to a conflict, it is said to be in a state of
Answer: ripeness
Question MCQ48 : Towards the end of the 20th Century there was genocide in the civil war of
Answer: Rwanda
Question MCQ49 : All EXCEPT one of the following are essentials elements to be found in a complete conflict prevention planning and decision cycle as espoused by Michael Lund
Answer: Extraction of information by force
Question MCQ50 : All EXCEPT one of the following organisations is not an international one
Answer: League of Imams
Question FBQ1 : The funds for developing series of pilot courses dealing with Early Warning and Preventive Measures were provided by British and ____ governments
Answer: Italian
Question FBQ2 : In reality, people are ____ creature and that is why they react to situations differently
Answer: Emotional
Question FBQ3 : ____ are the conceptions that parties have of the situation and its risks
Answer: Frame
Question FBQ4 : Dispute ____ does not address the underlying causes of conflict like conflict transformation
Answer: Settlement
Question FBQ5 : Women, War, and Peace” is a report by Elizabeth Rehn and John Sir ____
Answer: Leaf
Question FBQ6 : The code name (in abbreviation )for United Nations Peace keeping in Angola from 1995–1998 is called ____
Answer: UNITA
Question FBQ7 : Offering each party in conflict incentives, promises of support, or threats of diplomatic sanction is a ____ strategies of mediation
Answer: Directive
Question FBQ8 : Philip C. ____ in 1948 defined International Law as “Law applicable to relations between states
Answer: Jessup
Question FBQ9 : The Community Court system for transitional justice in Rwanda is called ____
Answer: Gacaca
Question FBQ10 : The optional protocol to the communication on the Right of the child of 2000 is derived from ____ convention of 1949
Answer: Geneva
Question FBQ11 : Future ____ is a situation whereby parties form a vision of the shared future they are trying to build during negotiation
Answer: Imaging
Question FBQ12 : What parties in negotiation are ready to give up or concede is technically called ____
Answer: Trade-off
Question FBQ13 : A discussion between two or more disputants who are trying to work out a solution to their problem or issue at stake is known as ____
Answer: Negotiation
Question FBQ14 : Win–lose outcomes in conflict resolution is associated with ____ approach
Answer: Competitive
Question FBQ15 : ____ is a form of legal alternative to litigation whereby the parties to a dispute agree to submit their respective position (through agreement or hearing) to a third party for
Answer: Arbitration
Question FBQ16 : International law is derived from custom, general principles of law and ____
Answer: Treaties
Question FBQ17 : ____ is the court where inter states disputes or conflicts between states or countries are resolved
Answer: International Court of Justice A
Question FBQ18 : ____ is a wide range of activities associated with capacity building, reconciliation and societal transformation
Answer: Peace building
Question FBQ19 : Sustainable peace is characterized by the absence of physical and _____ violence
Answer: Structural
Question FBQ20 : The United Nations (UN) document “An Agenda for Peace” was written by ____
Answer: Boutrous Boutrous Ghali
Question FBQ21 : Rape, child abuse, genocide and torture are examples of ____ committed during times of armed conflict or war
Answer: Crimes
Question FBQ22 : Posture, Gesture and Facial expression are examples of ____. types of communication
Answer: Non-verbal
Question FBQ23 : A conflict resolution in which there is no winner nor vanquished is referred to as a ____ solution
Answer: Win-win
Question FBQ24 : Alternative Dispute Resolution process was first adopted in the ____
Answer: United State of America
Question FBQ25 : Inflammatory language usually tends to ____ conflict rather than deescalate it
Answer: Escalate
Question FBQ26 : ____ is the body of customary and conventional rules which are considered legally binding by civilized states in their intercourse with each other or one another
Answer: International Law
Question FBQ27 : International Humanitarian Law lays down the minimum protection and standards applicable to situations where people are most ____ in armed conflict
Answer: Vulnerable
Question FBQ28 : Conflict usually transforms perception by accentuating the differences between people and ____
Answer: Positions
Question FBQ29 : Arbitration is a form of legal alternative to ____
Answer: Litigation
Question FBQ30 : Integrative bargaining is also referred to as ____ bargaining
Answer: Interest-based
Question FBQ31 : International Court of Justice is situated in ____ in Netherlands
Answer: Hague
Question FBQ32 : Michael ____ outlined that “prior appraisal, implementation, monitoring, conflict diagnosis, rescues identification and evaluation” are essential elements in complete conflict prevention planning and decision cycle
Answer: Lund
Question FBQ33 : The law that deals with maritime commerce is known as ____ law
Answer: Admiralty
Question FBQ34 : The two most basic orientations required when parties in conflict enter into negotiation process to resolve their differences are competitive and ____
Answer: Cooperative
Question FBQ35 : ____ strategy is situations whereby mediator brings parties in conflict together in a neutral environment in order to be able to exert some control over the conflict management process
Answer: Procedural
Question FBQ36 : ______ strategy allows mediator to break through a circle of violence by changing the factors that influence the parties’ decision making
Answer: Directive
Question FBQ37 : “One aspect or form of behaviour will suffice to turn a conflict” TRUE or FALSE _______________
Answer: False
Question FBQ38 : “Carrying out an empathetic analysis of conflict will help you to understand your adversary’s interest” TRUE or FALSE ____________
Answer: True
Question FBQ39 : Monitoring and evaluation is also a form of ____ evaluation
Answer: Retrospective
Question FBQ40 : The fourth element of the early warning process is the ____ phase
Answer: Sending
Question FBQ41 : The resources required for mediating conflicts are resources, persistence, experience and ______
Answer: Commitment
Question FBQ42 : Good _______ demands that both parties take turns in speaking and listening.
Answer: Communication
Question FBQ43 : Mediation is likely to be more successful when parties appear most amenable to_____
Answer: Change
Question FBQ44 : International Center for the Settlement of Investment Disputes is the most important organ under the _________
Answer:
Question FBQ45 : There are _____ basic standards of international law
Answer: Ten
Question FBQ46 : "Learning to be a good helper as a way of helping yourself? is synonymous with ______ therapy
Answer: Helper
Question FBQ47 : The Oslo Accords was achieved in the year _______
Answer: 1993
Question FBQ48 : Conflict resolution requires identifying the ____ factors behind the conflict, and finding ways to deal with them.
Answer: Causal
Question FBQ49 : The underlying causes of conflict are embedded in the institutional structure of ____
Answer: Society
Question FBQ50 : Disputants that work cooperatively to negotiate a solution are morelikely to develop a relationship of ____
Answer: Trust