Question FBQ1 : An ampoule of endospores should be processed with___ sterilization to check the effectiveness of sterilisation. Answer: Ethylene Oxide Question FBQ2 : ___refers to the reduction in number of pathogens or microorganisms on objects or materials Answer: Disinfection Question FBQ3 : Ethylene oxide is a ____disinfectant Answer: Gaseous Question FBQ4 : Sodium azide is sometimes used as a __in biological preparations Answer: Preservative Question FBQ5 : __is not subject to exercise duty and is cheaper than ethyl alcohol. Answer: Isopropyl alcohol Question FBQ6 : ___is bactericidal and sporicidal and effective against viruses Answer: Cidex Question FBQ7 : There are ___main methods are used for sterilization Answer: Four Question FBQ8 : ___ is the freeing of an article from all living organisms, including viruses, bacteria, fungi, and their propagules and their products-toxins Answer: Sterilization Question FBQ9 : Between temperatures 50°C and 65°C the ___forms of most bacteria, yeasts and fungi, and most animal viruses, are killed Answer: Vegetative Question FBQ10 : There are ___general types of radiation Answer: 4 Question FBQ11 : The process of being vaccinated is known as? Answer: Immunization Question FBQ12 : ___is the study of the process by which all living organisms, including man defend themselves against infection Answer: Immunology Question FBQ13 : ___is a branch of immunity that is concerned with in-vitro reactions involving one or more serum constituents Answer: Serology Question FBQ14 : ___ is used to describe agent that confers immunity on the host by production of specific antibody Answer: Antigen Question FBQ15 : An immunity obtained in same manner other than by hereditary is known as _ immunity? Answer: Acquired Question FBQ16 : ___immunity develops from the formation of specific antibodies against antigens. Answer: Humoral Question FBQ17 : The ___ mature in the thymus and are responsible for cell-mediated immunity and the regulation of immune responses. Answer: T-lymphocytes Question FBQ18 : The term ___refers to the number of determinant sites on an antigen Answer: Valence Question FBQ19 : Antibodies are also? Answer: Glycoproteins Question FBQ20 : A __is an association of a fungus and an alga in which two organisms are so intertwined to form a single thallus. Answer: Lichen Question FBQ21 : The problem of algae in aquariums is solved by placing a few__ in the tank. Answer: Pennies Question FBQ22 : ___has evolved special organs that host dinoflagellates. Answer: Tridacna Question FBQ23 : In some other species of spirogyra conjugation may take place between cells of the same filament is known as ___conjugation. Answer: Chain Question FBQ24 : Sexual reproduction in spirogyra is? Answer: Isogamous Question FBQ25 : In ___sexual reproduction is triggered by a shortage of nutrients Answer: Chlamydomonas Question FBQ26 : This viral DNA within the bacterial chromosome is called___. Answer: Prophage Question FBQ27 : The Lytic or Virulent Bacteriophage Cycle is characterized by __ stages Answer: 5 Question FBQ28 : Answer: T-even bacteriophage Question FBQ29 : The nucleic acid of a virus is surrounded by a protein coat called __ Answer: Capsid Question FBQ30 : Viral sizes are determined today by ultra-configuration and by __ Answer: Electron microscopy Question FBQ31 : ___, is a stable long-term relationship between the phage and the host. Answer: Lysogeny Question FBQ32 : The potato spindle-tuber diseases, known have been traced to__. Answer: Viroids Question FBQ33 : A __is a complete, fully developed viral particle composed of nucleic acid Answer: Virion Question FBQ34 : The combination of a bacterium and a temperature phage is called a__. Answer: Lysogen Question FBQ35 : Answer: Chlamydomona Question MCQ1 : A la---- tout était à reconstruire Answer: 4e republique Question MCQ2 : C’était -------qui ont prêté l’argent à la France pour ces reconstructions Answer: les Américains Question MCQ3 : ----qui étaient sous la domination française depuis 1830 réclamaient leur indépendance Answer: Les Algériens Question MCQ4 : L’origine de la loi se trouve dans -------de1789 Answer: la Révolution Question MCQ5 : En France, il existe trois types de------- Answer: juridiction Question MCQ6 : Les juridictions ---- traitent les conflits entreles citoyens, et les affaires administratives Answer: administrative Question MCQ7 : ---- a été le leader du parti socialiste pendant très longtemps Answer: François Mitterrand. Question MCQ8 : Le Parti -----est un parti qui détient la traditionmarxiste-léniniste Answer: Communiste Question MCQ9 : Les élections ont lieu en France le ------et sont organisées en deux tours Answer: dimanche Question MCQ10 : Le candidat qui obtient -------% des votes pendant le premier tourest élu Answer: 50 Question MCQ11 : --est une domination culturelle, économique, militaire d’un Etat sur un autre Etat Answer: L’impérialisme Question MCQ12 : Avec l` aparition du ------,l’impérialisme est devenu une entreprise d’exploitation Answer: colonialism Question MCQ13 : La cause-----de l’impérialisme c’est la croyance des Européens que les autres Answer: humanitaire Question MCQ14 : ----n’est pas forcément territorial mais peut être une domination culturelle Answer: l’impérialisme Question MCQ15 : En 1840, la France a accompli de grand progrès. Elle est entrée dans--- Answer: l’ère industrielle Question MCQ16 : A partir du 16 --- s’intéressait à l’Algérie comme le territoire africain le plus proche Answer: La France Question MCQ17 : ---- est obligatoire dès la naissance jusqu’àl’âge de 16 ans en France Answer: L’école Question MCQ18 : ---- est obligatoire dès la naissance jusqu’àl’âge de 16 ans Answer: Socialiste Question MCQ19 : ---- un examen qui qualifie les eleves a` entrer a`l`universite Answer: Le baccalauréat Question MCQ20 : Le drapeau français composé de--------- Answer: trois couleurs Question MCQ21 : ------est pour le roi Answer: le blan Question MCQ22 : Le bleu et le rouge représentent les couleurs de------- Answer: Paris Question MCQ23 : Ce drapeau tricolore symbolise à l’origine l’union de la royauté et du----- Answer: peuple Question MCQ24 : L` hymne national.de la France s`appelle----- Answer: laMarseillaise Question MCQ25 : En France, il existe depuis la Révolution ----Républiques. Answer: cinq Question MCQ26 : un Etat conféré qui estgouverné par les représentants élus. Answer: La Républiques Question MCQ27 : La première République a commencé suite à l’abolition de---- Answer: la royauté Question MCQ28 : ------sont élus au suffrage universel Answer: Les députés Question MCQ29 : A la première République tous les Français pouvaient voter sauf--- Answer: les femmes Question MCQ30 : La première République est marquée par -------de milliers de Français. Answer: le massacre Question MCQ31 : A la mort du, --------les Etats européens se sont réunis contre la France Answer: roi Louis XVI Question MCQ32 : La troisième République a commencé en 1870 pour terminer en ----- Answer: 1944 Question MCQ33 : Pour les Français La troisième République en général, c’était une époque ---- Answer: douloureuse Question MCQ34 : La troisième République est caracterisee par deux----- Answer: grandes guerres Question MCQ35 : En1875 une ------ qui a établi définitivement la troisièmeRépublique est signée. Answer: Constitution Question MCQ1 : The study of the relationship among organisms and their environment is known as Answer: Ecology Question MCQ2 : The physical features in an environment are called the ___. Answer: Abiotic factors Question MCQ3 : Living organisms inhabit the ___. Answer: Biosphere Question MCQ4 : The earth's water supply is also known as ___. Answer: Hydrosphere Question MCQ5 : The cycle that describes the movements of chemical elements through the biological and geographical components of the biosphere is the _ Answer: Biogeochemical cycle Question MCQ6 : Conversion of organic matter to minerals and other inorganic materials during decomposition is called __ Answer: Mineralization Question MCQ7 : Clostridium spp is mainly found in ___. Answer: Soil Question MCQ8 : The zone where the deep water in a lake is beyond the depth of effective light penetration is called ___ Answer: Prefundal Zone Question MCQ9 : The ___ sulphur bacteria uses carbon dioxide to reduce hydrogen sulphide to sulphur Answer: Green Question MCQ10 : In nature's recycling process _____ are indispensable Answer: Micro-organisms Question MCQ11 : The cloud cover in the atmosphere affects the earth’s __balance Answer: Heat Question MCQ12 : Lakes are stratified by differences in ___ caused by sunlight penetration Answer: Temperature Question MCQ13 : Lakes that have very high concentration of nutrients are termed ___ Answer: Eutrophic Question MCQ14 : Lakes that receive small amount of nutrient are termed ___ Answer: Oligotrophic Question MCQ15 : The bacterium that grows well in environment containing 1% or more of organic material is? Answer: Caulobacter Question MCQ16 : The bacteria found in abundance in the littoral and limnetic zone is _____ Answer: Cyanobacteria Question MCQ17 : ____exist as spores in the air Answer: Microbes Question MCQ18 : ___ provides greater surface area for absorption of nutirents by bacteria Answer: Prosthesa Question MCQ19 : The __is the region of the earth inhabited by living organisms Answer: Biosphere Question MCQ20 : Organisms within an ecosystem live in ____ Answer: Communities Question MCQ21 : Microflora in a lake is determined by the following except ____. Answer: Low oxygen Question MCQ22 : The most common organisms found in air are the ___ spores Answer: Fungal Question MCQ23 : An ecosystem with a mixture of mineral particles and organic matter is referred to as ___ Answer: Soil Question MCQ24 : Breaking down of organic matter into simple nutrients is done by ___ Answer: Decomposers Question MCQ25 : The most common microorganisms found in soil are __ Answer: Bacteria Question MCQ26 : Grazing animals contact anthrax from spores of ____ Answer: Bacillus anthracis Question MCQ27 : The mean daily precipitation overland is about ____ Answer: 100x106m3 Question MCQ28 : Temporary inhabitants of an environment are known as ___. Answer: Non-indigenous Question MCQ29 : The lithosphere consists of the following except ___. Answer: Water Question MCQ30 : Microorganisms in the air can be determined by the following methods except? Answer: Use of medical nets Question MCQ31 : Microorganisms are useful in all but one of the following Answer: Sulphur cycle Question MCQ32 : The mean daily precipitation overland is about? Answer: 10,000,000 cubic metres Question MCQ33 : ___ determines the type and population of microbes in water bodies. Answer: Nutrient level Question MCQ34 : Which of these bacterial populations is not found in salt water? Answer: Achromobacter Question MCQ35 : Which of these is not a freshwater habitat? Answer: Sea