NSC108 List of eExam Questions in the Bank

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Q1 Sulfa drugs inhibit acid synthesis in bacteria.

Q2 Aspirin inhibit activity by reversibly blocking the channel for arachidonate in the enzyme.

Q3 Synthetic nucleotides are used in of cancer and viral infections.

Q4 Azidothymidine (AZT) is a potent inhibitor of in HIV.

Q5 Enzymes are biochemical of reactions

Q6 With the exception of a few catalytic RNA molecules (ribozymes), all enzymes are .

Q7 The first enzyme to be obtained in pure form was _, crystallized from Jack Beans in 1926.

Q8 Enzymes which require a metal ion for activity are called enzymes.

Q9 Metal ion activator includes most metal ions.

Q10 An organic substance which is tightly bound either covalently or non-covalently to the protein portion is called a group.

Q11 A non protein organic substance which is loosely attached to the protein part is called a __.

Q12 The nucleus of the cell contains materials.

Q13 Group specificity of the enzyme refers to their ability to act only on molecules with specific groups.

Q14 The ability of the enzyme to catalyze only one reaction is known as specificity.

Q15 Energy required for bond formation between two substrate molecules typically is supplied by hydrolysis of _.

Q16 The SI unit of enzyme activity is the _.

Q17 The most important biological isomers of glucose are mannose and .

Q18 Enzyme-catalyzed activation of inactive precursors of enzymes called .

Q19 Cellular components such as proteins, carbohydrates, lipids and nucleic acids collectively are known as .

Q20 The accurate model of was discovered by James Watson and Francis Crick in 1953.

Q21 ALT and AST are present in high concentrations in _.

Q22 Re-naturation of DNA is also called .

Q23 The oxygen and hydrogen atoms in water molecule are bound together by weak bond.

Q24 Coenzymes are often derivatives of .

Q25 A complex combination of apoenzyme and cofactor is called _.

Q26 The protein portion of the enzyme is called .

Q27 Enzymes containing such are called _.

Q28 Metal ions in an enzyme are sometimes tightly bound to the portion.

Q29 sugar is present in DNA.

Q30 The point during enzyme kinetics refers to point when the reaction is no longer affected by increase in substrate.

Q31 Movement of substances through membrane against a concentration gradient using energy is called transport.

Q32 Active transport is achieved through proteins.

Q33 Isomerases are also called mutases when a is moved from one carbon to another.

Q34 Starch and Dextrin are examples of .

Q35 Sucrose sugar contains and glucose.

Q36 The energy required for the transportation of sodium and potassium ions are derived from the hydrolysis of ATP catalyzed by the enzyme known as __.

Q37 A substrate combines with the enzyme to yield complex.

Q38 Carbohydrates that contain one sugar unit are called __.

Q39 A solution can resist change in the pH of a solution.

Q40 The SI unit of enzyme activity is the _.

Q41 Insulin is multi-chain protein compound in which its polypeptide chains are linked by bonds.

Q42 Intermediates of the hydrolysis of starch are called __.

Q43 Myoglobin is made up of a single chain.

Q44 Amino acids present in peptides are called residues.

Q45 An amino acid unit in a polypeptide is called a __.

Q46 Complex carbohydrates which contain amino sugars and uronic acids are called _.

Q47 Amino acids do not absorb visible light and are therefore _.

Q48 Methionine and Cysteine contain in their side chains.

Q49 Phenyalanine, Tyrosine and Tryptophan contain an uncharged side chains at physiologic pH hence they are called amino acids.

Q50 Alanine has a group as its side chain.

Q51 The simplest amino acid is __.

Q52 The α-carboxyl group of one amino acid join with α- amino group of another amino acid though the formation of a bond.

Q53 Amino acids are the basic structural units of .

Q54 The approximate pH of blood is .

Q55 The pH of a solution is simply defined as the negative logarithm of ions concentration.

Q56 Proteins containing branched or un-branched oligosaccharides chains are called _.

Q57 Acid dissociates in aqueous solution to produce proton and conjugate _.

Q58 Presence of bond enables water to dissolve many organic molecules that contain functional groups.

Q59 The cell membrane is a bi-lipid layer with hydrophilic and ends.

Q60 Movement of water through membranes involves special protein channel called

Q61 Sugars important in nucleotides, nucleic acids and several coenzymes are called ___________ sugar.





Q62 Glucose, galactose, fructose and mannose are physiologically the most important ______.





Q63 Monosaccharide ring structures containing 5 atoms is called a _____ ring;





Q64 Starch and Dextrin are examples of ____________.





Q65 Carbohydrate is stored in the human body as _________.





Q66 Most dietary carbohydrate is absorbed into the bloodstream as ________.





Q67 CnH2nOn is the general formula for _______________.





Q68 The organelle that synthesize and store DNA and RNA is the ___________





Q69 Production of energy in form of ATP occurs in the ______________





Q70 The cellular organelle that is characteristically absent in matured red blood cells is the ______________.





Q71 The cellular organelle that detoxifies free acidic radicals is the __________.





Q72 Hydrolytic enzymes contained within the lysosomal membranes are collectively known as _______________.





Q73 Macromolecules, worn out organelles and excess secretory products within the cells are degraded by _______________.





Q74 The organelle responsible for processing, packaging, labeling and delivering proteins and lipids to their destination within cell is the __________.





Q75 The cell organelle that synthesizes protein due to the presence of ribosomes is the ___________.





Q76 The fundamental building blocks of cell membranes are the __________.





Q77 The human sperm cells have a lifespan of about ____ days.





Q78 The average life span for normal red blood cell is about _______ days.





Q79 The nerve cells can live for _______.





Q80 Taste receptor cells in the mouth live for ____ days.





Q81 Nucleic materials are deoxyribonucleic and _______________acids





Q82 The nucleus of the cell contains _________ materials.





Q83 ____________ is the fluid-like space between the plasma and nuclear membrane that contains the organelles.





Q84 The ____________ permeable plasma membranes regulate materials that enter or leave the cell:





Q85 The fluid inside the cell is called ________________ fluid:





Q86 The ____________ membrane prevents the mixing of fluid inside and outside the cells.





Q87 The structures within the animal cells are called _____________





Q88 The longest animal cell is the ________ cell





Q89 The speed obtained under conditions of substrate saturation of the enzyme and specified conditions of pH, temperature and ionic strength is called _______________.





Q90 The unit of activity per mole of enzyme is defined as called ________________.





Q91 The number of enzyme units per milligram of protein (µmol/min/mg) is ________________.





Q92 The amount of enzyme required to convert 1µmol of substrate to product per minute under specified assay conditions is ___________________.





Q93 The classic example of ________________ inhibition is the inhibition of succinate dehydrogenase by malonate and other dicarboxylate anions.





Q94 A __________________ inhibition of an enzyme is not reversed by increasing the substrate concentration.





Q95 The binding of an inhibitor with the ES complex to give an inactive ESI complex which ultimately halts further reaction to yield the normal product is called _______________ inhibition of an enzyme.





Q96 The reversible binding of an inhibitor with the free enzyme to form an enzyme-inhibitor complex (EI), analogous to the ES complex is called _______________ inhibition of an enzyme.





Q97 Competitive inhibition is a type of _______________ enzyme inhibition.





Q98 Sulfa drugs inhibit _______________ acid synthesis in bacteria.





Q99 Aspirin inhibit ________________ activity by reversibly blocking the channel for arachidonate in the enzyme.





Q100 Disulfiram, a drug used for the treatment of alcoholism, irreversibly modify the enzyme __________________________, resulting in accumulation of alcohol and acetaldehyde in the blood.





Q101 The storage polymer of glucose in plants is _________.





Q102 The chief constituent of plant cell walls is _____________.





Q103 The most abundant matter on earth and also in all living creatures is ______.





Q104 Partial dissociation of water yields its component hydrogen and _______ions.





Q105 The enzyme is called a ______________ when a phosphate is moved from one carbon to another.





Q106 __________________ catalyze reactions in which groups are either removed to form a double bond or are added to a double bond.





Q107 Subclasses of _________________ include esterases, phosphatases and peptidases.





Q108 _____________ catalyze transfer of a chemical group from one molecule to another.





Q109 ______________ catalyze oxidation – reduction reactions.





Q110 Metabolites that bind at the allosteric site to enhance the protein's activity are called allosteric _____________.





Q111 LDH occurs as _______ different isozymes in the tissues of vertebrates.





Q112 _______ are among the largest animal cells





Q113 Red blood cells called ______________





Q114 Cell was accidentally discovered in 1665 by ____________





Q115 _______ is the smallest, fundamental unit of life capable of exhibiting the characteristics of life.





Q116 The new area of research in biochemistry that searches for new drugs from plants eg Quinine and Artesunate is called __________________





Q117 The study of the biochemical basis of metabolic disorders is called ________________





Q118 The discipline of research that involves manipulation of DNA to improve drug research and solve health problems is called ____________________





Q119 _____________ refers to the study of enzymes, their functions, deficiency and the consequence of such deficiency in diseases.





Q120 Most chemical reactions in the cell take place in ________ environment.