Q1 The lipid bilayers of the cell membrane have very low for ions and most polar molecules.
Q2 The cytoskeleton is found underlying the cell membrane in the cytoplasm and provides a for membrane proteins to anchor to, as well as forming organelles that extend from the cell.
Q3 are circular pockets that are enclosed by a lipid bilayer.
Q4 The cell membrane serves as the attachment surface for the extracellular , and cell wall and intracellular cytoskeleton
Q5 With the following proportions of lipids: 3% phosphotidyl-serine,
3% sphingomyelin, 10% cholesterol and 55% phosphotidyl choline. The
membrane discussed is .
Q6 The cell membrane consists of three classes of
Q7 The is an important feature in all cells, especially epithelia with microvilli.
Q8 The
is an elaboration of the plasma membrane; a sort of rosette of ruffled
membrane intruding into the cell. Not all prokaryotic cells have it.
Q9 Paired cylindrical structures located near the nucleus, which play an important role in cell division are referred to as
Q10 Lipid rafts and caveolae are examples of cholesterol-enriched in the cell membrane.
Q11
proteins interact widely with hydrocarbon chains of membrane lipids
and can be released by agents that compete for the same nonpolar
interactions.
Q12 The of a polarized cell is the surface of the plasma membrane that forms its basal and lateral surfaces.
Q13 The movement of substances across the membrane can be , occurring without the input of cellular energy.
Q14 Proteins that are transported by the endoplasmic reticulum and
from there throughout the cell are marked with an address tag called a .
Q15 The biological membranes can be considered as a two-dimensional
liquid where all lipid and protein molecules diffuse more or less
easily, according to the model
Q16 membrane has the following mineral composition; 8% Carbohydrate, 43% lipid and 49% protein.
Q17 Pores and gates are examples of __.
Q18 The molecules of phospholipid in the cell membrane form a .
Q19 In gram-negative bacteria, the region outside the plasma membrane but inside the outer membrane is the .
Q20 Crystals of calcium oxalate or silicon dioxide in plants, granules
of energy-storage materials such as starch, glycogen, or
polyhydroxybutyrate are all _.
Q21 The
is a biological membrane that separates the interior of all cells from
the outside environment. It is selectively-permeable to ions and
organic molecules, and controls the movement of substances in and out of
cells.
Q22 are organelles on which protein synthesis takes place
Q23 are specialized lipid-storage cells, which are also found in a range of other cell types.
Q24 Protoplasm is composed of a mixture of small molecules and
Q25 involves the attachment of oligosaccharides.
Q26 inclusions are small particles of insoluble substances suspended in the cytosol.
Q27 Correct folding of newly-made proteins is made possible by several proteins of the endoplasmic reticulum
Q28 During gluconeogenesis, the Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum converts glucose-6-phosphate to through the enzyme glucose-6-phosphatase
Q29 The rough appearance of the rough endoplasmic reticulum is as a result of it being studded with
Q30 Within the cells of eukaryote organisms, the contents of the cell
nucleus are separated from the cytoplasm, and are then called the "
Q31 contain acid hydrolases
Q32 They digest excess or worn-out organelles, food particles, and engulfed viruses or bacteria. They are .
Q33 A is the component of a biological cell that creates proteins from all amino acids and RNA representing the protein
Q34 In order to modify a macromolecule, cisternae's enzymes need the addition of carbohydrates and to properly label each protein for its ultimate destination.
Q35 Mitochondria generate the cell's energy by
Q36 molecules are used to add amino acids during protein translation.
Q37 Levels of cellular organization together with the resultant tissues-organs-and-systems form the process
Q38 A system is an association of that have a common function.
Q39 A is a group of cells that performs a specific function
Q40 Cells are the basic structural and units of the organisms body.
Q41 Plasma membrane serves as selective for the import and export of materials between the cell and its surrounding environment.
Q42 Increased absorption rate of by the epithelial cells is possible because of microvilli on the apical surfaces of the epithelial cells.
Q43 Eukaryotes can move using
Q44 The protists and bacteria that live inside the gut of termite and help in digesting its woody diet are referred to as .
Q45 The is an elaboration of the plasma membrane.
Q46 The cytoskeleton provides a scaffolding for membrane to anchor to, as well as forming organelles that extend from the cell
Q47 Exocytosis is the process of removing waste materials from
Q48 Peripheral proteins are proteins that are bounded to the membrane by electrostatic interactions and with the hydrophilic phospholipid heads.
Q49 A is the basic structural and functional units of living things
Q50 The cell membrane is selectively to ions and organic molecules and controls the movement of substances in and out of cells
Q51 is the science that describes how organisms function and survive in continually changing environments.
Q52 Homeoviscous adaptation is the ability of some organisms to regulate the fluidity of their cell membranes by altering .
Q53 permeability refers to the ease with which molecules hook unto it
Q54 signal sequence of amino acids directs proteins to the endoplasmic reticulum, which inserts the proteins into a lipid bilayer
Q55 Antigens are present on cell membrane because they are receptors that aid cell to cell .
Q56 Protein within the cell membrane normally transport chemicals and across the membrane
Q57 Liposomes are circular pockets that are enclosed by a
Q58 The diffusion of water across a cell membrane from an area of low
solute concentration to an area of high solute concentration is called
Q59 is the movement of ions or molecules from regions of higher concentration to regions of lower concentration.
Q60 Active transport is the transportation of some molecules through the cell membrane powered by from the cell’s reserves.
Q61 Protein synthesis takes place in the _______.
Q62 What is the function of the contractile vacuole?
Q63 The microtubules of a cell, a key component of the cytoskeleton, is produced by ____.
Q64 How do Mitochondria generate the cell's energy?
Q65 Which of the following structures is found only in eukaryotes?
Q66 The following are theories about the origin of small molecules except ____.
Q67 Prokaryotic cells have no ____ while eukaryotic cells have ____.
Q68 Levels of cellular organization together with the resultant tissues-organs-and-systems form the _____ processes.
Q69 Major systems in the human body include the following except _____.
Q70 The following are basic types of tissues in the body except _____.
Q71 The following are cytoplasmic inclusions except _____.
Q72 Cytoplasmic _____ are small particles of insoluble substances suspended in the cytosol.
Q73 The smooth endoplasmic reticulum ______ while the Sacroplasmic reticulum stores _____ions.
Q74 Which of the following is a step in gluconeogenesis?
Q75 Depending on the enzymatic needs of a cell,
massive changes can occur in the protein content without any noticeable
_____ changes.
Q76 Types of endoplasmic reticulum include _____.
Q77 "______ paired cylindrical structures located near the nucleus, which play an important role in cell division."
Q78 Why are ribosomes classified as ribozymes?
Q79 The ___ states that the vesicles fuse to each
other at the cis face of the Golgi apparatus and are essentially pushed
along as new vesicles fuse together behind them.
Q80 The Golgi will use a xylose link to polymerize ___ onto proteins to form ___.
Q81 _____ are flattened stacks of membrane usually found in a series of five to eight in golgi apparatus
Q82 Which of the following is a similarity between mitochondria and chloroplasts?
Q83 The primary function of the golgi apparatus include the following except ____.
Q84 Organelles that are modified chloroplasts are
broadly called ___, and are involved in energy storage through
photosynthesis.
Q85 The following are molecules and macromolecular assemblies exported from the nucleus except _____.
Q86 Splicing factors are needed to:
Q87 Transport through the nuclear pore complexes is active; meaning that it requires ____.
Q88 The following are correct about ribosomes except _____.
Q89 The following are constituents of cell cytoplasm except _____.
Q90 "In the movement of substances across the
membrane, the cell is required to expend energy. What type of movement
does this refer to?"
Q91 In humans the nuclear genome is divided into 23 _____.
Q92 The following are component of the eukaryotic cytoskeletons except ______.
Q93 Fluid mosaic membrane is another term for _____.
Q94 The ___ is a specialized region within the nucleus where ribosome subunits are assembled.
Q95 Milk sugar is ____.
Q96 The phospholipic layer is so called because made mostly from a double layer of lipids; ____ and ___ molecules.
Q97 Simple diffusion can be accomplished by the passage of solutes through __ transmembrane proteins called channel proteins.
Q98 "In facilitated diffusion, the rate of diffusion
across a membrane, from a high concentration to a lower concentration is
accelerated by the action membrane _____ called , that act as carrier
molecules and aid in diffusion. "
Q99 "During osmosis, the solution that gains water is ___ while the solution that loses the water is ___"
Q100 How do the length and degree of unsaturation of fatty acid affect cell membrane fluidity?
Q101 The following are amphipathic lipids except _____.
Q102 The following are integral membrane proteins except _____.
Q103 A human cell has genetic material contained in the ____ and ___ genomes.
Q104 _____ molecules are used to add amino acids during protein translation.
Q105 Which of the following molecules would pass through the phospholipid bilayer easily?
Q106 Cell membrane has both _____ and _____ portions.
Q107 Which of the following molecule types would pass through the cell membrane more easily?
Q108 Integral membrane protein can be found in the following except _____.
Q109 Apical membrane is evidenced in the following polarized cells except ___.
Q110 The following are correct about the lipid layer of the cell membrane except ____.
Q111 Steroids include the following except ____.
Q112 The following are correct about lipids of a typical cell except ____.
Q113 Major differences between prokaryotic and eucaryotic cells are that:
Q114 Which of the following may have played a role in the transition from prokaryotes to eukaryotes?
Q115 Mitochondrial and chloroplast DNA are similar to
Prokaryotic DNA in several ways. Which of the following is not correct
of these similarities?
Q116 Which of the following ascertions is true of water in living organisms?
Q117 Foreign DNA can be artificially introduced into the cell by a process called _____.
Q118 Retroviruses have ____ as their genetic material.
Q119 Prokaryotic genetic material is organized in a simple circular DNA molecule in the _____ region of the cytoplasm.
Q120 The DNA of the nucleus with its associated proteins are collectively referred to as ____ .